#include <fcntl.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "logging.h"
#include "options.h"

// Hack for platforms that don't support O_CLOEXEC.
#ifndef O_CLOEXEC
#define O_CLOEXEC 0
#endif

enum {
DEFAULT_HTTP_VERSION = 2,
MAX_TCP_CLIENTS = 200
};

void options_init(struct Options *opt) {
  opt->listen_addr = "127.0.0.1";
  opt->listen_port = 5053;
  opt->tcp_client_limit = 20;
  opt->logfile = "-";
  opt->logfd = STDOUT_FILENO;
  opt->loglevel = LOG_ERROR;
  opt->daemonize = 0;
  opt->dscp = 0;
  opt->user = NULL;
  opt->group = NULL;
  opt->uid = (uid_t)-1;
  opt->gid = (uid_t)-1;
  //new as from https://dnsprivacy.org/wiki/display/DP/DNS+Privacy+Test+Servers
  opt->bootstrap_dns = "8.8.8.8,1.1.1.1,8.8.4.4,1.0.0.1,145.100.185.15,145.100.185.16,185.49.141.37";
  opt->bootstrap_dns_polling_interval = 120;
  opt->ipv4 = 0;
  opt->resolver_url = "https://dns.google/dns-query";
  opt->curl_proxy = NULL;
  opt->source_addr = NULL;
  opt->use_http_version = DEFAULT_HTTP_VERSION;
  opt->max_idle_time = 118;
  opt->conn_loss_time = 15;
  opt->stats_interval = 0;
  opt->ca_info = NULL;
  opt->flight_recorder_size = 0;
}

int parse_int(char * str) {
  char * endptr = NULL;
  unsigned long int value = strtoul(str, &endptr, 10);
  if (*endptr != '\0' || value > INT32_MAX) {
    return -1;
  }
  return (int)value;
}

enum OptionsParseResult options_parse_args(struct Options *opt, int argc, char **argv) {
  int c = 0;
  while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "a:c:p:T:du:g:b:i:4r:e:t:l:vxqm:L:s:S:C:F:hV")) != -1) {
    switch (c) {
    case 'a': // listen_addr
      opt->listen_addr = optarg;
      break;
    case 'c': // DSCP codepoint
      opt->dscp = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'p': // listen_port
      opt->listen_port = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'T': // tcp_client_limit
      opt->tcp_client_limit = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'd': // daemonize
      opt->daemonize = 1;
      break;
    case 'u': // user
      opt->user = optarg;
      break;
    case 'g': // group
      opt->group = optarg;
      break;
    case 'b': // bootstrap dns servers
      opt->bootstrap_dns = optarg;
      break;
    case 'i': // bootstrap dns servers polling interval
      opt->bootstrap_dns_polling_interval = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case '4': // ipv4 mode - don't use v6 addresses.
      opt->ipv4 = 1;
      break;
    case 'r': // resolver url prefix
      opt->resolver_url = optarg;
      break;
    case 't': // curl http proxy
      opt->curl_proxy = optarg;
      break;
    case 'l': // logfile
      opt->logfile = optarg;
      break;
    case 'v': // verbose
      if (opt->loglevel) {
        opt->loglevel--;
      }
      break;
    case 'x': // http/1.1 fallthrough
    case 'q': // http/3
      if (opt->use_http_version == DEFAULT_HTTP_VERSION) {
        opt->use_http_version = (c == 'x' ? 1 : 3);
      } else {
        printf("HTTP version already set to: HTTP/%s\n",
               opt->use_http_version == 1 ? "1.1" : "3");
        return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
      }
      break;
    case 'm':
      opt->max_idle_time = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'L':
      opt->conn_loss_time = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 's': // stats interval
      opt->stats_interval = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'S': // source address
      opt->source_addr = optarg;
      break;
    case 'C': // CA info
      opt->ca_info = optarg;
      break;
    case 'F': // Flight recorder size
      opt->flight_recorder_size = parse_int(optarg);
      break;
    case 'h':
      return OPR_HELP;
    case 'V': // version
      return OPR_VERSION;
    case '?':
    default:
      return OPR_PARSING_ERROR;
    }
  }

  if (opt->user) {
    struct passwd *p = getpwnam(opt->user);
    if (!p || !p->pw_uid) {
      printf("Username (%s) invalid.\n", opt->user);
      return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
    }
    opt->uid = p->pw_uid;
  }
  if (opt->group) {
    struct group *g = getgrnam(opt->group);
    if (!g || !g->gr_gid) {
      printf("Group (%s) invalid.\n", opt->group);
      return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
    }
    opt->gid = g->gr_gid;
  }
  if (opt->dscp < 0 || opt->dscp >63) {
      printf("DSCP code must be between 0 and 63.\n");
      return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  opt->dscp <<= 2;
  // Get noisy about bad security practices.
  if (getuid() == 0 && (!opt->user || !opt->group)) {
    printf("----------------------------\n"
           "WARNING: Running as root without dropping privileges "
           "is NOT recommended.\n"
           "----------------------------\n");
    sleep(1);
  }
  if (opt->logfile != NULL && strcmp(opt->logfile, "-") != 0) {
    opt->logfd = open(opt->logfile,
                      O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC,
                      S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP);
    if (opt->logfd <= 0) {
      printf("Could not open logfile '%s' for writing.\n", opt->logfile);
    }
  }
  if (opt->resolver_url == NULL ||
      strncmp(opt->resolver_url, "https://", 8) != 0) {
    printf("Resolver prefix (%s) must be a https:// address.\n",
           opt->resolver_url);
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->bootstrap_dns_polling_interval < 5 ||
      opt->bootstrap_dns_polling_interval > 3600) {
    printf("DNS servers polling interval must be between 5 and 3600.\n");
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->max_idle_time < 0 ||
      opt->max_idle_time > 3600) {
    printf("Maximum idle time must be between 0 and 3600.\n");
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->conn_loss_time < 5 ||
      opt->conn_loss_time > 60) {
    printf("Connection loss time must be between 5 and 60.\n");
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->stats_interval < 0 || opt->stats_interval > 3600) {
    printf("Statistic interval must be between 0 and 3600.\n");
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->flight_recorder_size != 0 &&
      (opt->flight_recorder_size < 100 || opt->flight_recorder_size > 100000)) {
    printf("Flight recorder limit must be between 100 and 100000.\n");
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->listen_port < 0 || opt->listen_port > UINT16_MAX) {
    printf("Listen port must be between 0 and %u.\n", UINT16_MAX);
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  if (opt->tcp_client_limit < 0 || opt->tcp_client_limit > MAX_TCP_CLIENTS) {
    printf("TCP client limit must be between 0 and %u.\n", MAX_TCP_CLIENTS);
    return OPR_OPTION_ERROR;
  }
  return OPR_SUCCESS;
}

void options_show_usage(int __attribute__((unused)) argc, char **argv) {
  struct Options defaults;
  options_init(&defaults);
  printf("Usage: %s [-a <listen_addr>] [-p <listen_port>] [-T <tcp_client_limit>]\n", argv[0]);
  printf("        [-b <dns_servers>] [-i <polling_interval>] [-4]\n");
  printf("        [-r <resolver_url>] [-t <proxy_server>] [-S <source_addr>] [-x] [-q] [-C <ca_path>] [-c <dscp_codepoint>]\n");
  printf("        [-d] [-u <user>] [-g <group>] \n");
  printf("        [-v]+ [-l <logfile>] [-s <statistic_interval>] [-F <log_limit>] [-V] [-h]\n");
  printf("\n DNS server\n");
  printf("  -a listen_addr         Local IPv4/v6 address to bind to. (Default: %s)\n",
         defaults.listen_addr);
  printf("  -p listen_port         Local port to bind to. (Default: %d)\n",
         defaults.listen_port);
  printf("  -T tcp_client_limit    Number of TCP clients to serve. (Default: %d, Disabled: 0, Min: 1, Max: %d)\n",
         defaults.tcp_client_limit, MAX_TCP_CLIENTS);
  printf("\n DNS client\n");
  printf("  -b dns_servers         Comma-separated IPv4/v6 addresses and ports (addr:port)\n");
  printf("                         of DNS servers to resolve resolver host (e.g. dns.google).\n"\
         "                         When specifying a port for IPv6, enclose the address in [].\n"\
         "                         (Default: %s)\n",
         defaults.bootstrap_dns);
  printf("  -i polling_interval    Optional polling interval of DNS servers.\n"\
         "                         (Default: %d, Min: 5, Max: 3600)\n",
         defaults.bootstrap_dns_polling_interval);
  printf("  -4                     Force IPv4 hostnames for DNS resolvers non IPv6 networks.\n");
  printf("\n HTTPS client\n");
  printf("  -r resolver_url        The HTTPS path to the resolver URL. (Default: %s)\n",
         defaults.resolver_url);
  printf("  -t proxy_server        Optional HTTP proxy. e.g. socks5://127.0.0.1:1080\n");
  printf("                         Remote name resolution will be used if the protocol\n");
  printf("                         supports it (http, https, socks4a, socks5h), otherwise\n");
  printf("                         initial DNS resolution will still be done via the\n");
  printf("                         bootstrap DNS servers.\n");
  printf("  -S source_addr         Source IPv4/v6 address for outbound HTTPS connections.\n");
  printf("                         (Default: system default)\n");
  printf("  -x                     Use HTTP/1.1 instead of HTTP/2. Useful with broken\n"
         "                         or limited builds of libcurl.\n");
  printf("  -q                     Use HTTP/3 (QUIC) only.\n");
  printf("  -m max_idle_time       Maximum idle time in seconds allowed for reusing a HTTPS connection.\n"\
         "                         (Default: %d, Min: 0, Max: 3600)\n",
         defaults.max_idle_time);
  printf("  -L conn_loss_time      Time in seconds to tolerate connection timeouts of reused connections.\n"\
         "                         This option mitigates half-open TCP connection issue (e.g. WAN IP change).\n"\
         "                         (Default: %d, Min: 5, Max: 60)\n",
         defaults.conn_loss_time);
  printf("  -C ca_path             Optional file containing CA certificates.\n");
  printf("  -c dscp_codepoint      Optional DSCP codepoint to set on upstream HTTPS server\n");
  printf("                         connections. (Min: 0, Max: 63)\n");
  printf("\n Process\n");
  printf("  -d                     Daemonize.\n");
  printf("  -u user                Optional user to drop to if launched as root.\n");
  printf("  -g group               Optional group to drop to if launched as root.\n");
  printf("\n Logging\n");
  printf("  -v                     Increase logging verbosity. (Default: error)\n");
  printf("                         Levels: fatal, stats, error, warning, info, debug\n");
  printf("                         Request issues are logged on warning level.\n");
  printf("  -l logfile             Path to file to log to. (Default: standard output)\n");
  printf("  -s statistic_interval  Optional statistic printout interval.\n"\
         "                         (Default: %d, Disabled: 0, Min: 1, Max: 3600)\n",
         defaults.stats_interval);
  printf("  -F log_limit           Flight recorder: storing desired amount of logs from all levels\n"\
         "                         in memory and dumping them on fatal error or on SIGUSR2 signal.\n"
         "                         (Default: %u, Disabled: 0, Min: 100, Max: 100000)\n",
         defaults.flight_recorder_size);
  printf("  -V                     Print versions and exit.\n");
  printf("  -h                     Print help and exit.\n");
  options_cleanup(&defaults);
}

void options_cleanup(struct Options *opt) {
  if (opt->logfd != STDOUT_FILENO && opt->logfd > 0) {
    close(opt->logfd);
  }
}
